上周带娃去菜市场，他一路指着各种食材不停问：“这个英语怎么说？”我一边买菜一边查词，才发现——原来最真实的英语，不在课本里，而在生活里。

买菜这件小事，藏着最完整的表达场景：问、选、算、拿、聊，全都有。于是我把这些真实会说的话整理成了这份清单。

一、认菜问名

What's this called?这个叫什么？How do you say this in English?这个英语怎么说？I've never seen this before. What is it?我没见过这个，这是什么？Is this a type of vegetable?这是蔬菜的一种吗？Is this fruit or a vegetable?这是水果还是蔬菜？What do people usually cook with this?这个一般怎么做？Can we eat it raw?这个可以生吃吗？Does it have seeds inside?里面有籽吗？Is this spicy?这个辣吗？Is it bitter or sweet?是苦的还是甜的？Have you tried this before?你以前吃过这个吗？Do you want to try this?你想试试这个吗？What does it taste like?它是什么味道？Is this common here?这个在这里常见吗？Do people eat this often?大家经常吃这个吗？Is this seasonal?这是当季的吗？Is this locally grown?这是本地种的吗？Does it grow underground?这个是长在地下的吗？Does it grow on trees?这个是长在树上的吗？Is this a leafy vegetable?这是叶子类蔬菜吗？Is it crunchy?这个吃起来脆吗？Is it soft when cooked?煮熟后会软吗？Does it need peeling?需要削皮吗？Can we fry it?可以炒吗？Can we boil it?可以煮吗？Can we steam it?可以蒸吗？Can we make soup with it?可以用来煲汤吗？Does it go well with meat?配肉好吃吗？Does it go well with rice?配饭好吃吗？Can kids eat this?小孩子可以吃吗？Is it healthy?这个健康吗？Is it high in vitamins?这个维生素多吗？Does it smell strong?味道重吗？Is it easy to cook?好做吗？Is it hard to clean?难清洗吗？Does it have a strong taste?味道重吗？Is it sweet naturally?是天然甜的吗？Does it need soaking?需要泡吗？Can we store it for long?可以放很久吗？Does it spoil quickly?容易坏吗？Is this fresh today?这是今天新鲜的吗？When was this picked?这个是什么时候摘的？Is this organic?这是有机的吗？Is it imported?这是进口的吗？Where does this come from?这个是哪里来的？Is this popular?这个很受欢迎吗？Do kids usually like this?小孩一般喜欢吃这个吗？Can we try a small amount first?我们可以先买一点试试吗？Should we get one or two?我们买一个还是两个？Do you think we should buy this?你觉得我们要不要买这个？

二、挑选判断

Does it look fresh?看起来新鲜吗？Can you smell it?你闻一下？Does it smell okay?闻起来正常吗？Does it smell fresh to you?你觉得新鲜吗？Don’t squeeze it too hard.别用力捏。Just press it gently.轻轻按一下就好。Is it firm?硬不硬？Is it too soft?会不会太软了？This one feels good.这个手感不错。This one looks better.这个看起来更好。Check the color.看看颜色。Is the color bright?颜色鲜亮吗？This one looks dull.这个颜色有点暗。Look at this one.看这个。Compare these two.对比一下这两个。Which one looks fresher?哪个更新鲜？Pick a good one.挑一个好的。Help me choose.帮我选一下。Don’t pick the damaged ones.别选坏的。Avoid the ones with spots.避开有斑点的。This one has a bruise.这个有磕碰。This one looks perfect.这个看起来很好。Is it too ripe?会不会太熟了？Is it underripe?是不是还没熟？Check the leaves.看看叶子。Are the leaves fresh?叶子新鲜吗？The leaves look wilted.叶子有点蔫了。Is it dry?干不干？Is it juicy?多汁吗？Tap it gently.轻轻敲一下。Listen to the sound.听听声音。This one sounds hollow.这个听起来是空的。Try another one.再试一个。Let’s pick a better one.我们挑个更好的。This one is too big.这个太大了。This one is too small.这个太小了。Let’s find a medium one.找个中等的。Hold it carefully.小心拿。Don’t drop it.别掉了。Put it back gently.轻轻放回去。This one is nice and fresh.这个又好又新鲜。I like this one.我喜欢这个。Do you like this one?你喜欢这个吗？Should we take this?我们要这个吗？Let’s take this one.我们拿这个吧。Put it in the basket.放进篮子里。Don’t mix them up.别弄混了。Keep them separate.分开放。That’s enough.够了。Let’s move on.我们去下一个。

三、决定吃什么

What should we have for dinner?今晚吃什么？I have no idea.我没想法。Let’s think.我们想一想。Do you have any ideas?你有什么想法吗？What do you feel like eating?你想吃什么？I feel like something light.我想吃清淡一点的。Let’s cook something simple.我们做点简单的。Do you want soup?要不要喝汤？How about noodles?吃面怎么样？How about rice?吃饭怎么样？We haven’t had fish in a while.我们好久没吃鱼了。Should we get some fish?要不要买点鱼？Let’s buy some vegetables.我们买点菜。We need some meat.我们需要点肉。Let’s keep it healthy.我们吃健康一点。Do you want something sweet?你想吃甜的吗？Let’s make your favorite dish.做你喜欢的吧。What did we eat yesterday?昨天吃了什么？Let’s try something new.试点新的吧。We can cook together.我们可以一起做。You can help me cook.你可以帮我做饭。Pick one ingredient.选一个食材。We’ll build a dish around it.我们围绕它做菜。That sounds good.听起来不错。I like that idea.我喜欢这个主意。Let’s not buy too much.别买太多。Just enough for today.买今天的量就好。We already have some at home.家里还有一些。Check the list.看看清单。Did we forget anything?我们忘了什么吗？Let’s double-check.再确认一下。That should be enough.应该够了。Let’s add one more dish.再加一道菜。Keep it simple.简单一点。Don’t overbuy.别买太多。Think before we buy.买之前想一下。We can save some for tomorrow.可以留到明天。This is a good choice.这是个好选择。Let’s go with this.就这个吧。Decision made.决定了。We’re all set.我们都选好了。Time to buy.可以开始买了。Let’s move to the next stall.去下一个摊位。Stay with me.跟着我。Don’t run off.别跑开。Focus on the list.看清单。We’re almost done.快买完了。Just a few more things.再买几样。Almost there.差不多了。Let’s finish quickly.我们快点买完。

四、问价与讨价还价

How much is this?这个多少钱？How much is this per kilo?这个一公斤多少钱？Is this the price?这是这个价吗？Why is this so expensive?为什么这么贵？Is there a cheaper one?有没有便宜一点的？Can you give me a better price?可以便宜一点吗？If I buy more, is it cheaper?多买会便宜吗？Can you make it a bit less?可以再少一点吗？That’s a bit pricey.有点贵。Do you have a discount?有折扣吗？Is this on sale?这个在打折吗？What’s the best price?最低多少钱？Can you round it down?可以抹零吗？Make it an even number.算个整价吧。I’ll take more if it’s cheaper.便宜点我多买点。That’s still too expensive.还是太贵了。I’ll think about it.我再看看。Let’s check another stall.我们去别家看看。That one is cheaper.那边更便宜。Can you match that price?可以按那个价吗？I’m a regular customer.我是常客。Give me a good deal.给我优惠点。I’ll buy it if it’s cheaper.便宜点我就买。Can you include this?这个能送吗？Add a little extra.多给一点吧。That’s a fair price.这个价可以。Okay, I’ll take it.好，我要了。That works for me.这个可以接受。Deal.成交。Let’s go with this price.就这个价吧。I trust your price.我相信你的价格。Is this fixed price?这是固定价吗？No bargaining?不能讲价吗？That’s too much for me.我觉得太贵了。I don’t need that much.我不需要那么多。Can I get a smaller portion?可以少买一点吗？Just a little is enough.一点点就够了。Keep it within my budget.控制在预算内。I’ll skip this one.这个不要了。Maybe next time.下次再买。Let’s move on.我们走吧。Thanks anyway.还是谢谢。That’s a good deal.这个划算。I’ll come back later.我等会再来。Save some for me.给我留一点。Don’t sell out yet.先别卖完。I’ll be back soon.我马上回来。Keep it for me.帮我留着。Don’t raise the price.别涨价啊。See you later.等会见。

五、称重与数量

Can I get half a kilo?给我半公斤。One kilo, please.一公斤，谢谢。Just a little, please.一点点就好。That’s enough.够了。A bit more, please.再多一点。Just a little more.再多一点点。That’s too much.太多了。Take some out.拿掉一点。That’s perfect.刚刚好。Can you weigh this?可以称一下吗？Let me see the weight.让我看看重量。Is this accurate?这个准吗？Don’t add too much.别加太多。Keep it light.轻一点。I can’t carry too much.我拿不了太多。Split it into two bags.分成两袋。Put them together.放一袋。Wrap it up, please.帮我包一下。Use a smaller bag.用小袋子。Double bag it.套两个袋子。Tie it tight.扎紧一点。Don’t let it leak.别漏了。Keep it clean.弄干净点。Add this in.把这个也加进去。Take this out.这个拿出来。Just these, no more.就这些。That’s all for this.这个就这些。We’re done here.这个买完了。Move to the next.下一个。Keep them separate.分开放。Don’t mix them.别混一起。This one is fragile.这个容易坏。Handle it carefully.小心点。Don’t press it.别压。Put it on top.放上面。Keep it upright.保持直立。Balance it well.放稳一点。Make it easy to carry.方便拿一点。That’s manageable.这个我能拿。Not too heavy.不要太重。Perfect size.大小刚好。That works.可以。Good enough.够了。Let’s go.走吧。Next item.下一个。What’s next?下一个是什么？Check the list again.再看一下清单。We’re halfway done.买了一半了。Almost done.快好了。Done with this.这个搞定。

六、管孩子

Stay close to me.跟紧我。Don’t wander off.别乱跑。Hold my hand.牵着我。Walk beside me.走在我旁边。Don’t run.别跑。Watch your step.小心脚下。Be careful.小心点。Come back here.回来。Stay where I can see you.在我能看到的地方。Don’t go too far.别走远。Help me pick one.帮我选一个。Which one do you like?你喜欢哪个？Choose carefully.认真选。Take your time.慢慢选。Don’t touch everything.别到处摸。Ask before you touch.先问再摸。Use your eyes first.先看。Smell it gently.轻轻闻。Don’t squeeze too hard.别捏太用力。Put it back properly.放回去。Be polite.有礼貌点。Say thank you.说谢谢。Say hello.打个招呼。Don’t shout.别大声。Use your inside voice.小声说话。Wait for your turn.等一等。Be patient.有耐心点。Watch and learn.看着学。This is how we choose.这是挑菜的方法。Follow me.跟着我。Stay focused.专心点。Don’t get distracted.别分心。One thing at a time.一件一件来。You’re doing great.你做得很好。Good job.做得好。Nice choice.选得不错。That’s a smart pick.选得很聪明。Try again.再试一次。Let’s fix it.我们改一下。That’s okay.没关系。Mistakes are fine.犯错没关系。Keep trying.继续。You can do it.你可以的。Almost there.差不多了。We’re nearly done.快结束了。Stay with me.别走开。Don’t disappear.别不见了。I’m right here.我在这。Come closer.靠近一点。Let’s go together.一起走。

七、拎袋子与分担

This bag is heavy.这个很重。It’s getting heavier.越来越重了。Can you help me?你能帮我吗？Hold this one.拿这个。Take the lighter one.拿轻的。I’ll take the heavy one.我拿重的。Let’s split it.我们分着拿。Carry it carefully.小心拿。Don’t drop it.别掉了。Use both hands.用两只手。Hold it tight.拿稳。Walk slowly.慢慢走。Watch the bag.看好袋子。Don’t swing it.别甩。Keep it balanced.保持平衡。Take a break.休息一下。Are you tired?累了吗？We can switch.我们换一下。Let me take it.我来拿。Give it to me.给我。That’s too heavy for you.对你来说太重了。Just carry a little.拿一点点就好。You’re helping a lot.你帮了很多。Thank you for helping.谢谢你帮忙。You did great.你做得很好。Almost home.快到家了。Just a bit more.再坚持一下。We’re nearly there.快到了。Don’t rush.别急。Walk carefully.走稳点。Watch the road.看路。Step by step.一步一步来。Keep going.继续走。You’re strong.你很厉害。That’s impressive.很棒。Let’s rest here.在这休息一下。Put it down.放下来。Pick it up again.再拿起来。Ready?准备好了吗？Let’s go.走吧。Almost done.快结束了。Good teamwork.配合得很好。We did it together.我们一起完成的。That was helpful.很有帮助。You’re a great helper.你是好帮手。I appreciate it.我很感激。Keep it up.继续保持。You’re learning fast.你学得很快。Let’s head home.我们回家吧。Home time.回家啦。

八、买回发现问题

This doesn’t look fresh.这个看起来不新鲜。It wasn’t like this before.刚才不是这样的。This looks different.这个不一样了。I think it’s spoiled.我觉得坏了。It smells strange.闻起来怪怪的。This is damaged.这个坏了。This is rotten.这个烂了。This isn’t what we picked.这不是我们选的。I think they swapped it.我觉得被换了。Let’s go back.我们回去。Let’s ask them.去问一下。Bring it with us.带上它。Show them the problem.给他们看。Explain clearly.说清楚。Stay calm.冷静点。Be polite.礼貌一点。Ask for a replacement.要求换一个。Can we change this?可以换吗？Can we get a refund?可以退吗？This is not acceptable.这个不太行。We expected better.我们本来期待更好。Check carefully next time.下次要仔细看。Learn from this.记住这个教训。Always double-check.要多检查。Don’t rush next time.下次别急。Take your time.慢慢来。It’s okay.没关系。We’ll fix it.我们解决。Not a big problem.不是大问题。We can handle it.我们能处理。Let’s try again.再来一次。Choose better next time.下次选好一点。This is a lesson.这是个经验。You did your best.你已经很好了。That’s okay.没事。Everyone makes mistakes.人人都会犯错。Let’s improve next time.下次改进。We’ll do better.我们会更好。Keep learning.继续学。Stay positive.保持积极。It’s fine.没事的。We’ll be more careful.我们会更小心。Good try.尝试得很好。That’s part of learning.这是学习的一部分。Don’t worry.别担心。We’ll fix it together.一起解决。Everything’s okay.一切都好。Let’s move on.继续。Next time will be better.下次会更好。Lesson learned.学到了。

九、随口闲聊

Is this locally grown?这是本地的吗？What’s good today?今天什么好？Any recommendations?有什么推荐？What’s fresh today?今天什么新鲜？This looks nice.这个不错。That smells good.闻起来很香。Business is good today?今天生意好吗？It’s quite busy.挺忙的。Lots of people today.今天人很多。It’s crowded.很挤。Nice weather today.今天天气不错。It’s hot today.今天很热。It’s raining again.又下雨了。Prices went up?涨价了吗？That’s understandable.可以理解。I come here often.我常来。I like your products.我喜欢你家的东西。Always fresh.一直很新鲜。Good quality.质量很好。I trust you.我信你。See you every week.每周都见。Long time no see.好久不见。Busy as usual?还是很忙吗？Take care.保重。See you next time.下次见。Have a good day.祝你今天愉快。Thanks a lot.非常感谢。Appreciate it.谢谢。That helps a lot.很有帮助。I’ll come again.我还会再来。Save some for me next time.下次给我留点。Don’t forget me.别忘了我。I’ll recommend you.我会推荐你。You’re very kind.你很友好。Great service.服务很好。I like shopping here.我喜欢来这里买。It’s always nice here.这里一直很好。Keep it up.继续保持。You’re doing great.你做得很好。See you soon.很快见。Bye for now.先走了。Take it easy.慢慢来。Have a good business.生意兴隆。All the best.一切顺利。Stay safe.注意安全。Have a nice day.祝你愉快。Thank you again.再次感谢。Much appreciated.非常感谢。That’s all for today.今天就这些。See you later.回头见。

十、收尾回家

We got everything.都买齐了。Check the list again.再看一下清单。Nothing is missing.没漏。Good job today.今天做得很好。That was fun.挺有意思的。You did great.你表现很好。Thanks for helping.谢谢你帮忙。Let’s go home.我们回家。Time to head back.该回去了。Walk carefully.小心走。Watch your step.注意脚下。Hold my hand.牵着我。Stay close.跟紧。Almost home.快到家了。Just a bit more.再走一点。We made it.到了。Put the bags down.把袋子放下。Take a rest.休息一下。Wash your hands.去洗手。Let’s unpack.开始整理。Take things out.把东西拿出来。Put them in the fridge.放进冰箱。Sort them out.分一下。Keep it neat.整理好。Let’s start cooking.开始做饭。You can help me.你来帮我。Wash the vegetables.洗菜。Cut carefully.小心切。Stay safe.注意安全。Dinner will be ready soon.很快就好。It smells great.好香。This will be delicious.一定很好吃。You picked well.你选得很好。Good choices today.今天选得不错。I’m proud of you.我为你骄傲。You learned a lot.你学到了很多。That was a great trip.这次很好。Let’s do it again.下次再来。Next time we’ll do better.下次更好。Keep practicing.继续练习。Speak more English.多说英语。You’re improving.你在进步。I can see it.我看得出来。That’s amazing.太棒了。Well done.做得好。Let’s enjoy dinner.吃饭吧。Sit down.坐下。Eat well.好好吃。Enjoy your meal.好好享用。Great day today.今天很棒。

你会发现，这些句子不难，但都很“有用”。孩子一边买菜一边开口，比坐着背单词更自然、更容易记住。语言从来不是学出来的，是用出来的。

下次逛菜市场，不妨多说两句——你会看到，孩子开口的速度，比你想象中更快。